“A Handbook for the Practice of Cyber Diplomacy”
EU Cyber Direct

Cyber diplomacy has become part of the diplomatic portfolio of every nation. A Handbook for the Practice of Cyber Diplomacy is a practical guide for diplomats navigating this rapidly evolving field. Cyber diplomacy is a new field in international relations and this handbook provides diplomats, practitioners and academic experts with foundational understandings of this emerging foreign policy area. 

Through more than 20 essays, the book examines multilateral and regional efforts, national perspectives, and key issues such as international law, norms of responsible state behaviour, capacity building, and the role of emerging technologies. Rather than focusing on technical cybersecurity, it highlights the diplomatic skills, strategies, and policies needed to navigate this complex and fast-moving field.  

https://eucyberdirect.eu/research/a-handbook-for-the-practice-of-cyber-diplomacy

Part 1 – Foundations of Cyber Diplomacy

This section introduces the concept of cyber diplomacy, outlining its purpose, evolution, and key competencies. It sets the stage by contrasting digital diplomacy with traditional statecraft and explaining how cyber issues have entered mainstream diplomatic agendas.

  • The Practice of Cyber Diplomacy
  • Cyber Diplomacy: Concepts and Core Competencies
  • The Origins of Cyber Diplomacy: Great Power Cyber Competition and Rapprochement in the United Nations 1998–2021

Part 2 – Regional and Multilateral Perspectives

This part examines how cyber diplomacy is being practiced across different regions and through multilateral organizations. It highlights diverse regional challenges, institutional approaches, and the importance of building trust and cooperation across borders.

  • European Cyber Policy and Cyber Diplomacy    
  • Africa converging on ICT security
  • Regional Organisations and Confidence-Building Measures    
  • Cybersecurity and Its Influence on Traditional Diplomacy in the Americas
  • From Deterrence to Initiative Persistence in Cyberspace: NATO’s Changing Role in Cyber Diplomacy
  • Strengthening Cyber Diplomacy: The ASEAN Experience
  • The United Nations GGEs and OEWGs
  • The Future of Cybersecurity: Embracing Multistakeholder Diplomacy
  • Cyber Diplomacy: Global Views from the South
  • Cyber Diplomacy in Latin America

Part 3 – National Perspectives

National strategies are explored here, showcasing how specific countries approach cyber diplomacy based on their geopolitical interests and governance models. The section offers insights into norm-setting initiatives, gender perspectives, and governance ambitions.

  • Establishing a Cyber Programme of Action at the UN: Five Lessons Learned from Ongoing Efforts
  • Cyber Deterrence: Underpinning Responsible Behaviour and Norms in Cyberspace
  • India’s Cyber Diplomacy Shapes Its Rule-Maker Aspirations
  • Feminist Foreign Policy meets Cyber Diplomacy
  • Cyber Diplomacy in Singapore and ASEAN

Part 4 – Functional Topics

The final part covers cross-cutting themes such as legal frameworks, cyber capacity building, and the future of diplomacy amid emerging technologies. It focuses on practical tools and strategic considerations for integrating cyber into national foreign policy

  • United Nations Negotiations on Information and Communication Technology in the Context of International Security
  • Cyber Capacity Building: A Primer for Diplomats
  • Rules of the Road: International Law Guiding State Behaviour in Cyberspace
  • Opportunities and Challenges of Establishing Cyber Diplomacy as a Core National Security, Economic, Human Rights and Diplomatic Priority
  • The Future of Foreign Policy in the Age of Emerging and Disruptive Technologies

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